olymer and Electrons

Of Numbers and Electrons

The sciences are full of theories which, in the course of making detailed claims about the physical world, say things which entail that there are mathematical entities like numbers and sets. According to an influential tradition stemming from Quine (1948) and Putnam (1972), good scientific reasoning—induction, broadly construed—requires us to believe some such theory, or some disjunction of suc...

Runaway electrons and ITER

The potential for damage, the magnitude of the extrapolation, and the importance of the atypical—incidents that occur once in a thousand shots—make theory and simulation essential for ensuring that relativistic runaway electrons will not prevent ITER from achieving its mission. Most of the theoretical literature on electron runaway assumes magnetic surfaces exist. ITER planning for the avoidanc...

Fast Electrons

IMP-6 spacecraft observations of low frequency radio emission, fast electrons, and solar wind plasma are used to examine the dynamics of the fast electron streams which generate solar typeIII radio bursts. Of twenty solar electron events observed between April, 1971 and August, 1972, four were found to be amenable to detailed analysis. Observations of the direction of arrival of the radio emiss...

Relativistic Electrons and Coherent Radiation

Electrons and holes get closer

molybdenum and tungsten dichalcogenides, some of which have been predicted to have larger piezoelectric coefficients than MoS2 (ref. 3). Piezoelectricity has been reported in few-layer C3N4 nanosheets7. Future work may involve the study of higher-order electromechanical effects in few-layer materials that have potential to generate curvature in membranes5. The atomically thin nature of these ma...